Agriculture is a cornerstone of Madhya Pradesh's economy, contributing approximately 35% to the state's Gross Value Added (GVA). The state boasts around 15.2 million hectares of cultivable land, accounting for nearly half of its total area.
Key Agricultural Highlights:
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Diverse Agro-Climatic Zones: Madhya Pradesh is divided into 11 agro-climatic zones, each supporting a variety of crops due to its unique climatic conditions and soil types. Leading
Crop Production:
Soybean: The state is often referred to as 'Soya Pradesh' as it contributes around 60% of India's soybean production.
- Wheat: Madhya Pradesh accounts for 8.7% of the country's wheat production, covering 14.3% of the national cultivation area.
- Pulses and Oilseeds: It is among the top producers of food grains, pulses, and oilseeds in India.
Recent Developments:
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Technological Innovations: The state is overhauling its agricultural ecosystem by prioritizing technological innovations while centering on farmers' needs.
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Government Support: In response to declining soybean prices, the government has initiated procurement at support prices to assist farmers facing financial challenges.
Challenges:
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Labor Practices: Investigations have revealed instances of forced labor, including child labor, in cotton farms within the state. Efforts are ongoing to address these issues and promote ethical practices.
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Sustainability: Farmers are increasingly adopting organic farming practices to combat soil degradation caused by prolonged use of genetically modified crops and chemicals. This shift aims to improve soil health, reduce costs, and increase profits.
Madhya Pradesh's agricultural sector is dynamic, with significant contributions to India's food security and economy. Ongoing efforts to integrate technology, ensure fair labor practices, and promote sustainability are shaping the future of agriculture in the state.
Geographical and Climatic Diversity
The state's vast geographical expanse encompasses a variety of climatic conditions and soil types, leading to its division into 11 distinct agro-climatic zones.This diversity supports a wide range of crops and farming practices.
Agricultural Land and Production
Approximately 49.43% of Madhya Pradesh's total land area, equating to about 15.2 million hectares, is under cultivation. The state contributes significantly to India's agricultural output, accounting for 7.7% of the nation's total food grain production.
Key Crops
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Soybean: Madhya Pradesh is often dubbed 'Soya Pradesh' due to its substantial contribution to India's soybean production, accounting for around 60% of the national output.
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Wheat: The state is a major wheat producer, contributing 8.7% to the country's production and covering 14.3% of the area under wheat cultivation.
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Pulses and Oilseeds: Madhya Pradesh ranks among the top producers of food grains, pulses, and oilseeds in India.
Technological Advancements
In recent years, the state has prioritized technological innovations to enhance its agricultural ecosystem. By centering on farmers' needs and integrating modern farming techniques, Madhya Pradesh aims to boost productivity and sustainability.
Challenges and Sustainability Efforts
Despite its agricultural prosperity, Madhya Pradesh faces challenges reminiscent of those experienced during Punjab's Green Revolution, such as soil degradation and over-reliance on chemical inputs. To combat these issues, there is a growing movement towards organic farming. Farmers, with support from organizations like the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and local associations, are transitioning to organic practices. This shift has led to improved soil health, reduced costs, and increased profits, contributing to a more resilient agricultural system.
Labor Practices
Investigations have revealed instances of forced labor, including child labor, in cotton farms within the state. Efforts are ongoing to address these issues and promote ethical practices.
Government Support
In response to declining soybean prices, the government has initiated procurement at support prices to assist farmers facing financial challenges.
Madhya Pradesh's agricultural sector is dynamic, with significant contributions to India's food security and economy. Ongoing efforts to integrate technology, ensure fair labor practices, and promote sustainability are shaping the future of agriculture in the state.
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